Emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things, the metaverse, and quantum computing, have transformed the ways in which crimes are committed and have given rise to challenges concerning criminal jurisdiction, the attribution of individual criminal responsibility, and the reliability of digital evidence. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative approach, this study examines the implications of these developments for international criminal law through an analysis of international instruments, judicial practice, and specialized academic literature. The findings indicate that autonomous artificial intelligence systems make it more difficult to establish the roles and mental elements of individuals involved in criminal conduct; decentralized infrastructures complicate the identification of actors and the determination of their respective contributions to the commission of crimes; and advances in quantum computing pose challenges to cryptographic security and the reliability of certain digital evidentiary mechanisms. Furthermore, the geographical dispersion of conduct and its consequences makes the exercise of jurisdiction and cross-border access to evidence more difficult. The principal contribution of this study is the development of a three-level analytical framework that connects technological transformations in the modes of crime commission with the resulting legal challenges and the need to strengthen the normative and institutional capacities of international criminal law. Accordingly, the study proposes strengthening cross-border judicial cooperation, clarifying the criteria governing individual criminal responsibility, and further developing treaty-based and institutional mechanisms. It emphasises the need to adapt existing legal rules to technological developments while safeguarding the principles of legality and individual criminal responsibility.