The study, entitled examines the various dimensions of terrorism and its effects on the rights of victims and the Iranian legal system. The main issue of this research is to identify the challenges and legal gaps in the Iranian legal system in the field of combating terrorist crimes and compensating victims. The objectives of this research include identifying the rights of victims of terrorist crimes, examining the process of establishing the responsibility of those responsible for terrorist crimes, and analyzing legal and legal solutions for compensating for damages resulting from these crimes. The research method used in this study is documentary and comparative analysis, which examines international laws and conventions and compares them with the Iranian legal system. The key findings of this research show that the Iranian legal system faces serious challenges in the field of comprehensively defining terrorism and compensating victims. Also, the absence of a comprehensive and efficient legal framework in the field of terrorism can lead to the continuation and expansion of this phenomenon. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need to formulate comprehensive and specific laws in the field of terrorism and compensation for victims. Also, suggestions are made to improve the legal and judicial situation in this field, which include strengthening international cooperation, creating effective mechanisms for compensation and paying attention to human rights and protecting victims. This research can serve as an important step towards identifying and analyzing Iran's criminal policy towards terrorist crimes and improving the country's legal system in this field.