Analysis of the Causes of Delinquency Among Children and Adolescents in Iranian Criminal Law

Juvenile and adolescent delinquency is one of the most important social harms in today's societies, which not only threatens the psychological and social security of society, but is also a reflection of structural disorders in educational, family and social systems. Given the importance of childhood and adolescence in the formation of personality and future behaviors of individuals, identifying the causes of delinquency in this period of life is a fundamental step towards preventing recidivism and creating a healthy society. The main goal of this research is to comprehensively analyze individual, family and social factors affecting the tendency of children and adolescents to delinquency and to provide solutions to prevent it. This study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources. The findings of the study indicate that delinquency in children and adolescents is often associated with psychological factors such as aggression, frustration, self-esteem, and emotional voids, and in many cases, dysfunctional families, unhealthy social environments, and lack of effective social support play a key role in committing crime. The results show that focusing on reforming the family institution, teaching life skills to adolescents, and implementing preventive policies at the education level can play an important role in reducing delinquency. The importance of this issue, given the young population of Iran and the possibility of education and reform at an early age, requires the need for additional attention from responsible institutions.