Limitations on the Military Activity of Third States in the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Coastal State

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the military activities of third states in the exclusive economic zone of coastal states have increased for various reasons. Although the rights and duties of the third and coastal states are defined in the Convention on the Law of the Sea, due to the silence of the convention regarding military activity and the different interpretations of these articles by the countries, tensions, and differences have arisen between the third and coastal states. This article seeks to answer the question that, according to Article 58 of the Convention on the Law of the Sea, what are the Limitations on the military activity of third states in the exclusive economic zone of the coastal state in the Convention on the Law of the Sea? Achieving a reasonable result, resolving the disputes of the military activity of third states in the exclusive economic zone, and clarifying whether this type of activity is permissible or not is very important to prevent serious incidents. The findings of this research show that, as stipulated in the Convention on the Law of the Sea, military activities in the exclusive economic zone are prohibited due to their non-peacefulness and the adverse and destructive effects of such activities on the marine environment in case of lack of due regard to the rights and interests of the coastal government by third countries, Limitations should be applied in such activities.