Time Series Monitoring of Climate Change Resulting from the Construction of a Dam and Investigation of Government Responsibility for its Environmental Effects (Case Study of Sharafshah Somar Dam)

Examination of development plans and projects implemented in the country shows that in the past planning, like in many developing countries, the importance and values of natural resources and the environment are hidden from the view of decision makers and many of them are designed and exploited without considering environmental considerations. Is. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dam construction on microclimatic factors using satellite images and to investigate the extent of government responsibility for it. In this research, satellite sensors in 2009 and 2021 as well as land use map have been used to analyze the time series. After processing the images, the surface temperature was calculated using ground data, vegetation index, lighting temperature of the thermal sensor and the emissivity of the ground obtained from the multispectral band of the Landsat sensor. Damage to the environment is one of the environmental challenges that has a significant impact on the national and biological security of the country. Hence, criminal responsibility and punishment is the response that society shows to environmental crimes, and in this case, in the shadow of national security, it tries to defend itself against crimes and criminals. Policymakers of the penal system, as part of the legal system, must find solutions in the field of environmental protection, and by adopting appropriate measures and policies, eliminate or control the environment of aggression and aggression against the environment. Therefore, due to the importance of the issue, the legislator has allocated articles of the Islamic Penal Code and other miscellaneous laws in order to enumerate environmental crimes, punishments and criminal liability against them.