The Framework of Civil Liability Arising from High-Risk Recreational Activities: A Study of Escape Rooms

Document Type : Promotional Article

Authors
Rahim Mokhtari 1
Gholamhossein Keshavarz 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student in in Private Law, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran (Corresponding Author)
10.22034/lc.2026.573256.1736
Abstract
Escape room games have experienced rapid growth in recent years both in Iran and worldwide, emerging as a modern form of entertainment that attracts a wide audience. Despite their appeal, these games particularly those involving high-risk scenarios may entail significant levels of danger, giving rise to serious concerns regarding civil liability. Studies indicate that the Iranian legal system lacks specific and comprehensive regulations governing the legal, educational, supervisory, and standardization requirements for recreational and entertainment activities, with existing regulations being largely confined to the field of sports. Consequently, liability in this area is analyzed based on the general principles of civil liability, particularly the fault-based theory. However, the absence of specialized regulatory frameworks results in the neglect of many safety-related and legal aspects of these activities. Therefore, it is necessary to enact specific laws and regulations concerning supervisory, educational, and insurance standards for escape rooms in order to protect the rights of injured parties, enhance public trust in this emerging industry, and facilitate its sustainable development.
Keywords
Escape Room
Civil Liability
Assumption of Risk
Fault
Consent

Subjects