An analysis of the problems of secondary victimization of immigrants in the judicial process (a case study of Afghan, Iraqi, Syrian, and Lebanese immigrants)

Criminological findings acknowledge that if serious attention is paid to the role and position of the victim, it has a significant impact on solving the criminal problem and even in many cases, it will prevent the victim from becoming a second victim. Since victimization is an important discussion in the field of criminology, one of the types of victimization for which the least preventive solution has been provided is the victimization of the second immigrants. The issue of foreigners as an important minority that includes a large population under different names such as: refugees, immigrants, tourists, political agents, etc.; Less attention has been paid to the victimization of this second group of society. Since foreigners (immigrants) are among the vulnerable sections of the society for various reasons; It is more likely to be victimized, especially the second victim. The present research has been conducted with the aim of studying and investigating the problems of migrant victims in the criminal proceedings or the secondary victimization of migrants in the criminal proceedings, and it has been tried to explain the effect of the type of behavior of the institutions dealing with the victim and its role in the secondary victimization of migrants. In the current study, with a qualitative descriptive-analytical method (interview and face-to-face observation), the causes of the formation of victims of the second immigrants are issues such as: the immigrants' fear of returning to their country, the